HealthInfo Canterbury
Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR)
Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is a condition that causes inflammation, pain and stiffness in your shoulders, neck and hips.
We don't know what causes PMR, but it mainly affects people over 60. Some people with PMR develop a more serious condition called giant cell arteritis (GCA).
The symptoms of PMR vary between people, but generally include:
- pain, aching and tenderness in your neck, shoulders, hips, buttocks, and thighs
- stiffness in the morning, getting better after around 30 to 40 minutes
- pain when moving your joints
- sometimes, other general symptoms such as tiredness, weight loss, fever, and loss of appetite.
Important
If your symptoms include a sudden headache, tenderness around your scalp, pain in your jaw when chewing or changes in your eyesight, see your GP as soon as possible. These are signs of giant cell arteritis (GCA).
Diagnosing PMR
Your doctor will ask you about your symptoms and how long you've had them. They will want to make sure you don't have GCA, and will want to rule out other health conditions, such as fibromyalgia and osteoarthritis.
There is no single test to diagnose PMR, but your doctor will want you to have blood tests to look for inflammation in your body. They will usually make a diagnosis based on your symptoms combined with your blood test results. If your doctor is unsure about a diagnosis, especially if you're younger than 50, they may refer you to see a rheumatologist for more tests.
Treating PMR
If your doctor diagnoses you with PMR, they will start you on a steroid medication called prednisone straight away. The medication works by reducing your inflammation, and you should see an improvement within a few days. Your doctor will monitor your progress to check if your symptoms are improving, and to adjust the dose if necessary.
You usually start taking 15 to 20 mg of prednisone daily and stay at this dose for at least a month. When your symptoms improve, your doctor will gradually reduce the dosage. Often people need to keep taking a low dose of prednisone for several years to stop the PMR from coming back.
As steroids can reduce your bone density and may cause osteoporosis, your doctor will usually give you advice about trying to prevent this.
HealthInfo recommends the following pages
- Arthritis New Zealand – Polymyalgia rheumatica
A short brochure about PMR, including its symptoms and treatment options.
- Patient.info – Polymyalgia rheumatica
More detailed information about PMR and GCA.
Written by HealthInfo clinical advisers. Last reviewed July 2021.
Sources
Review key: HIPMR-18669
